Assessment of the disassemblability of electric bicycle motors for remanufacturing

Abstract In 2021, sales of electric bicycles in Germany increased compared to the previous year, leading a 43% share total German bicycle market. The Bicycle Industry Association (ZIV) expects this growth continue and that by 2025 every second sold will have an motor. Therefore, due increasing number sales, both built-in resources possible treatments after use phase need be considered regarding sustainable market development. context, remanufacturing is one promising end-of-life strategy enables new life cycle products components, thus reducing consumption natural minimizing waste production. used are restored their original conditions disassembling, cleaning, sorting, reworking, reassembling. Disassembly decisive process step as it creates prerequisites for all further steps chain significantly determines economic feasibility process. paper aims evaluate ease disassembly motors determine suitability remanufacturing. To disassemblability, Metric (eDiM), quantitative assessment method evaluating effort, was adapted needs motors. finally applied five from established manufacturers assessed disassembly. results show can disassembled without significant damage classified suitable